With the rapid development of social production and scientific technology, mechanical products are becoming increasingly complex and require frequent modifications, especially in the fields of aerospace, shipbuilding, military and other mechanical parts, which require high precision, complex shapes, and small batches. Processing such products requires frequent modification or adjustment of equipment, and ordinary machine tools or highly specialized automated machine tools can no longer meet these requirements. In order to solve the above problems, a new type of machine tool - CNC machine tool - has emerged. This new type of machine tool has the advantages of strong adaptability, high machining accuracy, stable machining quality, and high production efficiency. It comprehensively applies various technological achievements such as electronic computers, automatic control, servo drive, precision measurement, and new mechanical structures, and is the future development direction of CNC machine tools.