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The basic working principle of CNC machine tool processing

Time:2023-06-05 Preview:


1. Control medium


Control medium, also known as information carrier, is an intermediate medium material connected between humans and CNC machines, which reflects all information in CNC processing. Currently commonly used include perforation bands, tapes or disks, etc.


2. Input, output device


It is a device for the CNC system to interact with external devices. Interactive information is usually parts processing procedures. The upcoming parts of the parts of the control medium Enter the CNC system or the commissioned part processing program is stored or recorded on the corresponding control medium through the output device.

3. CNC device


The CNC device is the core of the automatic processing of CNC machine tools. It is mainly composed of computer systems, position control boards, PLC interface boards, communication interface boards, special function modules, and corresponding control software.


Function: Corresponding processing according to the input part processing program (such as motion trajectory processing, machine tool input and output processing, etc.), and then output control commands to the corresponding execution components (servo units, drivers, PLC, etc.), all these tasks are caused by it. Coordinated hardware and software in the CNC device to organize a reasonable organization to make the entire system work in an orderly manner.


4. Servo system


It is the electrical transmission connection link between the CNC system and the machine tool. The servo motor is the execution element of the system, and the driving control system is the power source of the servo motor. After comparison of the instruction signal and position feedback signal issued by the CNC system, it is used as a displacement instruction. After the power amplification of the driving system, it will drive the machine tool mobile parts as a positioning or move in accordance with the specified trajectory and feed speed, so that the machine tool processing meets the requirements of the pattern requirements to meet the pattern requirements. Component.


5. Detection feedback system


The measuring feedback system consists of the detection element and the corresponding circuit. Its role is to detect the actual location, speed and other information of the machine tool, and feedback it to the CNC device and instruction information for