1、 Pause instruction G04X (U)_/ P_ It refers to the tool pause time (feed stops, spindle does not stop), and the value after address P or X is the pause time. The value after X must have a decimal point, otherwise it is calculated as one thousandth of this value in seconds (s). The value after P cannot have a decimal point (i.e. an integer) and is measured in milliseconds (ms). For example, G04 X2.0; Or G04 X2000; Pause for 2 seconds G04 P2000; However, in some hole system processing instructions (such as G82, G88, and G89), in order to ensure the roughness of the hole bottom, there needs to be a pause time when the tool is processed to the hole bottom. At this time, it can only be represented by address P. If address X is used, the control system considers X to be the X-axis coordinate value for execution. For example, G82X100.0Y100.0Z-20.0R5.0F200P2000; Drill (100.0100.0) to the bottom of the hole and pause for 2 seconds G82X100.0Y100.0Z-20.0R5.0F200X2.0; Drilling (2.0100.0) to the bottom of the hole will not pause.

2、 The difference and connection between M00, M01, M02, and M30 M00 is an unconditional pause instruction for the program. The program execution stops at this feeding point and the spindle stops rotating. To restart the program, you must first return to the OG state, press CW (spindle forward rotation) to start the spindle, and then return to the AUTO state, press the START key to start the program. M01 is a program selective pause instruction. Before executing the program, you must open the OP STOP button on the control panel to execute it. The effect after execution is the same as M00, and you need to restart the program as above. M00 and M01 are often used for inspection or chip removal of workpiece dimensions during machining. M02 main program end instruction. Execute this command, the feed stops, the spindle stops, and the coolant is turned off. But the program cursor stops at the end of the program. M30 main program end instruction. The function is the same as M02, but the difference is that the cursor returns to the program header position, regardless of whether there are other program segments after M30.

3、 The meaning of addresses D and H is the same. The tool compensation parameters D and H have the same function and can be interchanged freely. They all represent the address names of the compensation registers in the CNC system. However, the specific compensation value is determined by the compensation number address after them. However, in the machining center, in order to prevent errors, it is generally artificially specified that H is the tool length compensation address, the compensation number is from 1 to 20, D is the tool radius compensation address, and the compensation number starts from 21 (the tool library for 20 tools). For example, G00G43H1Z100.0; G01G41D21X20.0Y35.0F200;

4、 Mirror instruction Mirror machining instructions M21, M22, M23. When only the X-axis or Y-axis is mirrored, the cutting sequence (forward milling and reverse milling), tool compensation direction, and arc interpolation direction during cutting will be opposite to the actual program. When both the X-axis and Y-axis are mirrored, the cutting sequence, tool compensation direction, and arc interpolation direction remain unchanged. Note: After using the mirror command, it must be cancelled using M23 to avoid affecting subsequent programs. In G90 mode, using the mirror or cancel command requires returning to the origin of the workpiece coordinate system in order to use it. Otherwise, the CNC system cannot calculate the subsequent motion trajectory, and there will be a phenomenon of disorderly tool walking. At this point, manual zero point reset operation must be implemented to solve the problem. The spindle rotation does not change with the mirror command.

5、 The circular interpolation command G02 is for clockwise interpolation, G03 is for counterclockwise interpolation, in the XY plane, with the following format: G02/G03X_ Y_ I_ K_ F_ Or G02/G 03 X_ Y_ R_ F_, Among them, X and Y are the coordinates of the end point of the arc, I and J are the incremental values from the start point of the arc to the center of the circle on the X and Y axes, R is the arc radius, and F is the feed rate. When cutting circular arcs, note that q ≤ 180 ° and R is a positive value; q> 180 °, R is a negative value; I. The specification of K can also be specified by R. When both are specified at the same time, the R instruction takes precedence, and I and K are invalid; R cannot perform full circle cutting. Full circle cutting can only be programmed using I, J, K, because there are countless circles with the same radius passing through the same point. When I and K are zero, they can be omitted; Whether in G90 or G91 mode, I, J, and K are programmed according to relative coordinates; When performing arc interpolation, the tool interpolation command G41/G42 cannot be used.

6、 The advantages and disadvantages between G92 and G54~G59 are the coordinate systems set before processing, while G92 is the coordinate system set in the program. It is not necessary to use G92 again after using G54~G59, otherwise G54~G59 will be replaced and should be avoided. Note: (1) Once G92 is used to set the coordinate system, using G54~G59 again will not have any effect unless the system is restarted after power outage or the required new workpiece coordinate system is set using G92. (2) After the program using G92 is completed, if the machine tool does not return to the original point set by G92, start this program again, and the current position of the machine tool will become the new workpiece coordinate origin, which is prone to accidents. Note: Confirm whether to zero before each process. So, I hope to use it with caution.